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15,415 results
  1. 15151LetterT-S 16.255

    The letter emphasizes the close connection between the Yemeni Jewish communities and Mevorakh, revealing that Yemeni Jewry during this period was connected to Egypt and the Palestinian Rabbanite yeshiva, and not only to the Babylonian Yeshivot as had been believed (see on this Ashur and Outhwaite, “An Eleventh-Century Pledge of Allegiance to Egypt from the Jewish Community of Yemen” CmY 22 (Juil. 2016) 34).

    1. נז[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    2. מרע אדונינו ומ[. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …

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  2. 15152LetterT-S 16.270

    Recto: two alchemical recipes. The first recipe (ll. 1-8) is aimed at producing ‘the work’ (אלצנעה), a word commonly used for indicating the production of gold, silver or the elixir that would turn base metals into precious ones.

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  3. 15153LetterT-S Ar.35.300

    Greetings to various people in the addressee's location, and greetings from Sitt al-Ḥusn. The address is written in an unusual location, in the margin of verso: يصل هذا الكتاب الى سمنود الى ("may this letter reach Sammanūd, for [...].").

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  4. 15154Legal documentT-S AS 145.231 + T-S AS 145.240

    before the great king, "may his king be higher than Agag" (Numbers 24:7), and he spoke with us...." Likely all related: T-S Misc.34.67 + T-S AS 155.224 (PGPID 33582), T-S AS 145.231 + T-S AS 145.240 (PGPID 16288), T-S Misc.34.59 (PGPID 41572).

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  5. 15155LetterT-S AS 154.326

    On verso, the sender might ask to have a doctor (ḥakīm) sent, "because I don't have any strength at all, if I set I'm unable to stand, and if I stand I'm unable to sit."

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  6. 15156Unknown typeT-S AS 185.138

    The secondary scribal hand on the verso is likely that of the person whom this document was issued to given that they signed in a mixture of Hebrew and Ladino "אני קונפראדו גירא(נ)שיה" ("I purchased guarantee"; alternatively this is the writer's name, or he is referring to himself as "Konfrado," i.e., brother).

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  7. 15157Paraliterary textT-S AS 185.157

    Partly overlapping with the phrase מסכת סוכה — it's unclear which text was written first — there appear the first two verses of Genesis in a large square scribal hand and the word עמנואל underneath in the same hand. Identified by Alan Elbaum in Dec. 2025. Based on Mordechai Akiva Friedman and Amir Ashur's assessment, this is unlikely to be the signature of Maimonides himself.

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  8. 15158LetterT-S Misc.8.18

    The cantors of Fustat are instructed to read it aloud in the synagogue on Monday, Thursday, and Monday, as well as Saturday morning.

    Recto:

    1. אמת
    2. אלחזנים במצר ינדרו אלגמאעה
    3. בר יה אלנסא ואלרגאל שני
    4. וחמישי ושני ויום אלשבת
    5. בשחרית אן לא יתערץ אחד
    6. לצבאג אלחריר פי אלביות
    7. לאגל אן אלצאמן שכ…

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  9. 15159LetterT-S Misc.11.140

    There are three different notes sharing the page; the first two urge all who meet him to extend charity to him. (The third note is somewhat obscure and needs further examination.)

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  10. 15160Literary textT-S Misc.18.73

    On verso, there is rudimentary alphabetical practice and a line in cursive Hebrew script, perhaps Ladino (לאש . . .

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  11. 15161LetterT-S Misc.28.143

    Thus the letter was presumably written some time after the Ottoman conquests of 1517 CE, if such a policy was already in effect. The continuation of the letter deals with business matters, and then a complaint about Yaʿaqov b.

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  12. 15162LetterT-S NS 225.104

    Refers to someone's foolishness; asking the addressee to appeal to "the hearts of your friends and everyone you know"; the sender refers to his fear ("God knows") from somebody's paternal aunt; says that Abū Naṣr can't have been with them for some time; and refers to "anyone among the travelers" (aḥad min al-musāfirīn) Verso: Written in a distinctive Maghribī hand.

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  13. 15163Legal documentT-S NS 320.46 + T-S 12.618

    The partnership must pay to the mother of the two sisters, a widow (ll. 10 and 2) all that (her husband?) had left her (and what probably was invested in the partnership).

    T-S 12.618 Recto

    1. ( )ה אלנאמנות אל( )
    2. ( )רך אבנתיהא אלמדכורתין באותק צמאנאת אל
    3. ( )עאדת אחד אכתיה אלמדכורתין עליה פי שי מן דלך
    4. ( ) ענה או אסתחלאפה ען …

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    2 Transcriptions 2 Discussions

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  14. 15164LetterT-S NS J21 + T-S 8.19

    Yiju, India, mainly about shipwrecked goods. Dating: almost certainly 1146. This is the draft, in Khalaf's hand, on the basis of which a copy was made: T-S 18J4.18 (IB III, 12 ; PGPID 5534).

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    2 Transcriptions 1 Translation

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  15. 15165LetterYevr.-Arab. II 1440

    Avraham Qudsī came on Friday, the guard of the neighborhood brought a miscarried fetus (walad siqṭ) and left it in the road in front of the house of the addressee's sister Ḥana (blood libel??). Then, someone (al-Qudsī?) and R. Shemuel were imprisoned and the house of the sister was ransacked, and she and Ibrāhīm were left without anything.

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  16. 15166LetterBL OR 5542.16

    ENA 2739.15 (PGPID 11184) and CUL Or.1080 J264 (PGPID 5302)), though the handwriting is not identical across all three. The sender is evidently a dyer. The clothes he had sent to Tinnīs had been taken. […] ʿAyyāsh and others had sent clothes. Asks Yona al-Maghribi to pay him for he was now out of work.

    1 Discussion

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  17. 15167LetterAIU VII.E.99

    The letter mentions that a certain Rabbi Algazi will be involved in carrying out these arrangements.

    1. בע׳׳ה
    2. איש יהודי הודה והדרה ׳׳ איש חיל פעלים במלחמתה של תורה ׳׳
    3. איש הפנים מבין דבר מתוך דבר אכ׳׳א סברא ׳׳ איש זרוע הוא לו זרוע
    4. עם גבורה ׳׳ ה׳׳ה הח׳ ה…

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  18. 15168Legal documentBodl. MS Arab. c 56.21

    The addressee is advised to hold on to this note until the matter is completed (or brought to court? waqt al-iqtiḍā): من بعد السلام على حضرتكم ثم اعرف جنابكم انه عند حلول الايجار سلموا الى حضرة الست فاطم مبلغ خمسة ٥ . . . . . .

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    • fol. 21a
    • fol. 21b
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  19. 15169Legal documentBodl. MS heb. c 13/21

    Sahlān (mentioned here as the 'Aluf he-Ḥaver) and his son Neḥemya from the Babylonian congregation are mentioned.

    1. בשמך רחמנא
    2. באחד בשבת שלהי ניסן
    3. אמלך שמעון בר חאתם לבנאת הבתולה בת שמואל
    4. בעשרה זהובים חמשה מוקדמים ידפעהם וקד
    5. אלדכול בהא וחמשה מאוחרים על תני וכאן
    6. אל…

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    1 Transcription 1 Discussion

    • 21 verso
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  20. 15170Legal documentBodl. MS heb. c 28/7

    In the present settlement, Bū l-Ḥasan forgoes all his claims against his wife and promises not to beat or curse her, under penalty to divorce her and to pay in cash the sums due to her under her marriage contract, in case he relapses.

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    • 7 recto
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  21. 15171LetterBodl. MS heb. c 28/45–46

    This is a draft, written in the Nagid’s own hand; he left blank spaces for the copyist to fill in the quotations from the Bible and the Talmud alluded to in the text. (Information from Goitein, “Abraham Maimonides on Pietists," Journal of Jewish Social Studies 16 (1965), 109–114 and Russ-Fishbane, Judaism, Sufism, and the Pietists of Medieval Egypt, 73–74) EMS

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    • 45 recto
    • 45 verso
    • 46 recto
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  22. 15172LetterBodl. MS heb. c 50/18

    The sender inspected the ruqʿa of Abū l-Surūr in which he said he was "coming down" and that the account of Ibn al-Ghazzāl had gone missing and requested that the sender draw it up again.

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    • 18 recto
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  23. 15173LetterBodl. MS heb. d 66/36

    The letter seems to be a response to Yehuda's request that the writer take good care of a certain Abū Isḥāq (al-qawām bihi). Avraham reports, "Our companions (aṣḥābunā) did not fall short with him even before your letter arrived.

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    • 36 recto
    • 36 verso
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  24. 15174Legal documentCUL Add.3416

    Sugmar and Yosef b. David al-Tarabulusi, from the court in Fustat. November 12, 1097 and March 8, 1098.

    recto

    1. בחמשה בשבה דהוא חמשה יומי בירח כסלו דשנת אלפא 

    2. וארבע מאה ותשע שנין למניינא דרגיליננא ביה בפסטאט

    3. מצרים דעל נילוס נהרא מותבה כן הוה חצר אלי…

    Recto

    1. On Thursday, the fifth day of Kislev, in the year

    2. 1409 by our reckoning in Fusṭāt,
    3. Egypt, on the river Nile,
    4. Mr. David b. Mr. Joseph—may he…

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    3 Transcriptions 3 Translations 1 Discussion

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  25. 15175Legal documentCUL Add.3420.2

    Three testimonies regarding collateral deposited by Yosef al-Lebdi the India trader. Lebdi owed Ḥasan b. Bundar, the representative of the merchants in Aden, 40 dinars for an indigo deal.

    recto

    1. אלרהן אלמאכוד מן אבי יעקוב אללבדי וה(!) ציניה פצה געלת ענד
    2. מ עלי הפרנס ורגע אחצר עוצהא אלשיך אבי סהל מנשה
    3. בן יהודה לאנה דכר אנהא לה ודכר אלשי…

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  26. 15176Legal documentCUL Or.1080 9.19

    The second (elegant) signature along the lower portion of the document is that of Moshe Ben-Rūbī.

    1. ...]מיש[.......................................................................................
    2. ... ה]כא במתא רשיד יע׳׳א [..........................…

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  27. 15177LetterENA 1490.7

    The passage describes a gaonic schism at Pumbedita in the 820s that was resolved peacefully when Yosef bar Ḥiyya relinquished the office and contented himself with the position of av bet din, allowing Avraham bar Sherira to reign unchallenged.

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  28. 15178LetterENA 1822a.58

    Baqāʾ; greetings to the addressee's son Abū l-Barakāt (so possibly the addressee is Eliyyahu the Judge); a complaint about the wife of Abū Saʿd who wants to "excommunicate, and I told her, 'excommunicate and do whatever you want to do'"; a request to obtain from the silk merchant the son of Sitt Ziyāda (this is likely Makārim b. Sitt Ziyāda al-Qazzāz mentioned in other documents) a sum of money; and again a complaint about the ships' delay in Rosetta (Rashīd).

    Verso

    1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]ש. . בקיה
    2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .].כנו גאהזני חתי
    3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …

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  29. 15179LetterENA 2558.21

    The sister urges the addressee to come celebrate the holiday with her. Greetings from Sayyid al-Ahl. There is a note in the margin stating that they have sent with the bearer 3 dirhams.

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  30. 15180Legal documentENA 2727.13b

    Refers to the rent of various people in different dwellings; the patrolmen (al-rajjāla) on [...] Shabbat; the ground rent (ḥikr) payment which is somehow connected to Nārūz (the Coptic New Year); a raqqāṣ possibly named ʿIwāḍ.

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  31. 15181LetterENA 2808.47

    The letter seems to assume that, say, on the third day of the interval between the two holidays most of the pledges had already come in. Another interesting point is the Nagid's admonition to think of the poor on the Siyyum (Heb.), the festive conclusion of the yearly reading of the Pentateuch, which takes place at the end of the autumn holidays.

    1. .[..].
    2. ...]..........אלשׁיך
    3. אלמכית? יסלם ... אלגמאעה
    4. אלכרימה תחת .... ויסתוחשׁ
    5. ...................................
    6. ען לסאני אן יגתהדו פי אמר
    7. אלסיום …

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  32. 15182Legal documentENA 3697.8

    There are numerous claims. (1) The Rayyis used to provide wheat and loans of money to the wife of Ṣāʿid, and she now owes 30 dinars that she has not repaid. (2) The two sisters jointly owned (or rented?) a house near Bāb al-Yahūd worth 250 dinars. There is some issue with the rent, such that the wife of Ṣāʿid owes 14 dinars. (3–5) These entries deal with items such as salted meat, clothing, jewelry, and household goods, and the wife of Ṣāʿid owes ~10 dinars for each item.

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  33. 15183LetterENA NS 7.61

    Mentions goods such as: almonds and white gum arabic. Mentions people such as: Abū l-Makārim.

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  34. 15184List or tableENA NS 13.17

    Accounts in Judaeo-Arabic with calculations that draw on both the Hebrew alphanumerical and Arabic numerical systems. The paleography suggests that these accounts date to the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries at the earliest.

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  35. 15185LetterENA NS 48.6

    She repeats several times not to separate the Sudanese female slave from the little girl and to give nothing but the younger female slave to the elder daughter Sitt al-Sirr. "Cursed be he who acts against my dying wish."

    1. אעלמך יאסתי יאכתי געלני אללה פדאך
    2. אנני קד וקעת פי מרץ צעב בעיד אלכלאץ
    3. מנה והודא ארי מנאמאת מקארבה
    4. לרוחי תדל עלי אלהלאך יאסתי אכבר
    5. וציתי ענדך אן קצא …
    1. This is to inform you, my lady, dear sister – may God accept me as a ransom for you –
    2. that I have become seriously ill – with little hope of recover…

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  36. 15186Legal documentHalper 351

    His payment orders were transferred to al-ḥakīm (Goitein suggests this is Yequtiʾel b.

    1. ח]צר לבית דין הנגיד ירום הודו ויגדל כבודו [רגל
    2. ידיע כציב ולד אלשיך אבו נצר אלמערוף בבן אלמה
    3. נע יטלוב עודה משה אלשרגי נע פמנענא צאחב
    4. אלסוק אעני אלצמן…

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  37. 15187LetterHalper 384

    Where the text resumes on verso, he may be writing about commodities including 2 pearls (durratayn, although Goitein later crossed out this reading) that sold for 12 Malikī dinars (the gold dinar of Yemen minted from 1086 and used till the mid-12th century).

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  38. 15188List or tableJRL C 170

    The lists on the recto portray account calculations that are organized by days of the week in connection to specific individuals, namely: Avraham Ḥazaq, Yehuda al-Giorbi[?], Avraham Bashiri, Eliyyahu Ḥabak[?]

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    • 1 / 1 leaf, recto
    • 1 / 1 leaf, verso
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  39. 15189List or tableJRL C 185

    On images 44-45 it is clear these folios were recycled from legal document drafts bearing the signature of Shelomo Alyiqīm, who may be the same person that signed AIU VII.D.24 in 1842/43 CE (PGPID 30523) and BL OR 5561A.7 in 1842 CE (PGPID 19229).

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    • C 185 - 1
    • C 185 - 10
    • C 185 - 11
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  40. 15190LetterL-G Misc. 35

    I am an ill woman on the brink of insanity (lit., I am an insane woman, anā ṣabiyya majnūna), on top of the hunger of my family and the little girl who are all with me, and the horrid news I heard about my son.’

    1. [כתאבי אליך יאולדי ורייסי] וגלילי אדאם אללה סלאמתה וסעאדתה
    2. [ ] אליך יאולדי [ואלעזיז ע]לי אמר אן נצפה
    3. [ כאן אבו אלכיר] מע אלמנתצר פמאת אלמנת[צר]
    4. [ופק…

    Recto

    1. [My lord and] illustrious master, may God make your welfare and happiness permanent.
    2. [I have to convey] to you, my dear boy, something whic…

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    1 Transcription 1 Translation 1 Discussion

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  41. 15191Legal documentMoss. VII,40.2 + T-S Ar.50.73

    If the man dies on his travels, the agent must give something to the man's wife and mother of his children, Sitt al-Kull bt. Avraham known as Ibn ʿUṣfūra. Two of the lines in the margin appear to be related.

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  42. 15192LetterNLI 577.3/10

    He spoke with the addressee's sister and told her all that the addressee had told him in Qalyūb. Namely, that their other brother had maligned her (akhūhā ẓālim) by saying that she had sued him for the addressee's sake (possibly - this is somewhat unclear).

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  43. 15193LetterT-S 8J33.2

    King Joseph has crossed the Sambatyon river and amassed a mighty army of all the tribes of Israel. The tribes have drawn lots to determine who will march on whom.

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  44. 15194LetterT-S 10J20.21

    The latter rebukes the muqaddam, or head of the Jewish community of al-Maḥalla, Netanʾel, for neglecting essentials in favor of trifles, citing as an example the cases of two women, one of whom sent a proxy to the Gaʾon’s court over a matter of 1 and 11/24 dinars, and the other of whom vexed her son-in-law by intrusion into his house, unfounded accusations, and suits before Muslim courts.

    1. עזרי מעם ייי עושה שמים וארץ
    2. מן שר שלום הלוי גאון יעקב החוסה
    3. בשם ייי ביר משה הלוי גאון יעקב
    4. ביר נתנאל הששי בחבורה זצל
    5. אלדי נעלם בה אדירנו נכבדנו וחשו…

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    • 1r
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  45. 15195Legal documentT-S 10J21.3 + T-S 12.571

    Concerns the late Abū Saʿd, who willed half of 50 bales (of flax) to his partner and brother Eliyya and the other half to the two children (Miryam and Abū l-Ḥasan) of his sister Sitt al-Ahl. Gershon Weiss (who did not know about the join with T-S 12.571) explains that Abū l-Ḥasan Eliyyahu, the nephew and likely partner of Abū Saʿd, testified that the latter's will instructed that his inheritance of bales of flax would go to Eliyyahu's mother and sister.

    T-S 10J21.3 recto

    1. [ ]ה ו[ ]
    2. אילא כחומר וכחוזק [ ]
    3. בהא לאכתה סת אלאהל ולאבנת[ ]
    4. עלי אסתכלאץ דלך ואנה מעכשו [ ]
    5. ואלדה ואכותה מן גמיע אלדעאוי ואלמ[ ]
    6. ד…

    1 Transcription 3 Discussions

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  46. 15196List or tableT-S 10J26.13

    The contributions are partly in dinars (one-fourth - two, the latter sum appearing four times), partly in dirhams. Practically all the names recur in contemporary lists of donors to charity, but because of the dilapidated state of the manuscript no general conclusions are possible.

    right-hand page

    1. אבו אל... ב`
    2. אולאד אבו יעקוב [.]
    3. אם מוא....א..
    4. ..[............]
    5. אבו אלמנגא אל.לאל א..[...]
    6. אלסגולת ב`
    7. בן אלרבאט ב`
    8. סעיד ב`
    9. אלש` אבו …

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  47. 15197LetterT-S 12.67

    Recto: Blessings for notables, perhaps to be read aloud in the synagogue. In Hebrew. For the Nagid Mevorakh b.

    2 Transcriptions 1 Discussion

    • 1r
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  48. 15198LetterT-S 12.458

    (Information from Goitein and Friedman, India Traders, p. 724.) Although the text has an India Book number (III, 40c), Goitein and Friedman didn't edit it since it doesn't concern the Indian Ocean trade.

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    2 Discussions

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  49. 15199LetterT-S 12.789

    They are sparing no efforts and giving her all the medicines that are prescribed her. "As for other matters": Natan asks Ṭoviyya to assist a man from a good family from ʿAkkā who had lived in the Egyptian countryside but was 'deported' to Fustat.

    recto

    1. כאן קד תקדם כתאבי אלי מולאי אלחבר היקר
    2. נטריה רחמ׳ גואב כתאבך ואיצא אעלמתך
    3. בוצול גמיע מא אנפדתה אלינא ודעינא לך
    4. ולאולאדך ברוכים תהיו לשמים ואמא…

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  50. 15200Legal documentT-S 13J2.17

    Hiba), a widow with three sons, releases her new husband Sason b. Yefet from from all obligations other than paying the delayed marriage gift and dowry and letting her live in his house for five years after his death as promised, and declares that her three sons would have no claims whatsoever against him and that her husband would not sue her sons.

    1. חצרת בין ידינא אנן שהדי דחתמות ידנא לתחתא הלאלה בת נתן נע בעד צח
    2. ענדנא מערפתהא באסמהא ושכצהא וקאלת לנא אשהדו עליי וקנו מני מן
    3. אלאן מימות עולם ועד עכ…

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