טקסט ספרותי: T-S NS 163.101

תיאור

Glossary of phrases in parallel Judaeo-Arabic and a Judaeo-Turkic language. The latter is not based in Ottoman Turkish, but possibly Old Uzbek and/or Chagatai. Given that Uzbek descended linguistically from Chagatay, there are a variety of shared grammatical forms to consider and this fragment may be a transitional grammatical text. Dating: probably no earlier than 13th century on paleographic grounds and likely no later than 16th century. Genre: The glossary could be a learners' text/primer based on the practical nature of its phrases. Written in a distinctive hand (with high chance of joins). The speaker uses terms of patronage in reference to an addressee (in Judaeo-Arabic): מא אחסן וגהך יא סידי . . . יא סדי אנת סידי ומכדומי . . . אקרי ממאליכך. He specifically says "give me my salary" and "do not neglect my rights" (אעטיני גאמכיתי . . . לא תפרט פי חקי). The corresponding Turkic phrase follows the second-person imperative form in Chagatay (-gil): "vergil" בירגיל ("do give" me my salary). (András Bodrogligeti, A Grammar of Chagatay, 177). The second-person imperative form -gil also exists in some early Ottoman Turkish texts (Korkut Buğday, Literary Ottoman, 17). The first-person singular pronoun "men" (מן) is used throughout instead of "ben", an archaic feature of early Ottoman Turkish texts that is otherwise common in Uzbek, Chagatay, and other Turkic languages. For example in line 3 on the verso: (men nicesen) איש כנת אנא : מן ניגיסן -- is an unclear interrogative phrase, possibly translating idiomatically as "what/how much did you have for me?" The next bilingual phrase is damaged, but could be interrelated, ending in: .n yarım sen (".. you half"). The first line of the verso, contains the clearly rendered phrase: bir safar qīlūrman ביר ספר קילורמן ("I will go on a trip"), which bears evidence of the Uzbek future first-person indefinite conjugation -arman/-urman for the verb qilmoq (to do). This conjugation form does not exist in Ottoman Turkish. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Uzbek_verbs // https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/qilmoq On the recto, the first legible phrase pairing reads: ולא מסאפר: מן ספרכא... (men safarga). This construction seems to draw on the Uzbek and/or Chagatay dative case -ga, yielding the partial translation "I am on a trip," though the equivalent negation (as ולא) is missing along the paper tear. The dative suffix -ga is also repeated in l. 10 of the recto (חקינכא). For a full overview of relevant case suffixes, see: https://www.turkolog.ist/uzbek/Uzbek_cases.pdf // Bodrogligeti, 33-34 Another phrase on the recto reads: לא תר.. חתי אגי // אכיתמאס כלינגא -- "do not (verb) until I arrive/come." Although the verb stem's meaning is unclear, it might bear the Uzbek indefinite future negation suffix -mas (akitmās gelence/agitmās gelence). Chagatay features a verbal negation suffix -mas for the Aorist present tense (Bodrogligeti, 204). (Identified by Alan Elbaum and Matthew Dudley) The contemporary historian Muḥsin ʻAlī Shūmān has found evidence in Ottoman qadi court records that a wave of Jewish refugees arrived in Cairo from Central Asia in the early 1600s, naming Uzbekistan as one of the potential points of emigration. (The Jews in Ottoman Egypt Until the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century/al-Yahūd fī Miṣr al-ʻUthmānīyah ḥattá awāʾil al-qarn al-tāsiʻ ʻashar, vol. II, 361-363). For an early modern geniza fragment mentioning someone who is "from Samarqand," in modern-day Uzbekistan, see the following Ladino accounts: T-S AS 209.112 (PGPID 39773)