How to Cite

Anyone is welcome to use our transcriptions and descriptions, but please cite them based on the principles below.

To cite individual documents

Always mention the shelfmark when citing a geniza fragment.

[Library], [shelfmark], Princeton Geniza Project, version [version number]. Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton, 2022. [Permalink]. Accessed [date].

Example:

Cambridge University Library, T-S 12.386, Princeton Geniza Project, version 4.15.2. Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton, 2022. https://geniza.princeton.edu/en/documents/5862/. Accessed November 16, 2023.


To cite transcriptions from PGP

Transcriptions and translations that come from print editions should acknowledge the original publication.

Examples:

  • Cambridge University Library, T-S 13J23.3, ed. Miriam Frenkel, The Compassionate and Benevolent: The Leading Elite in the Jewish Community of Alexandria in the Middle Ages‎, in Hebrew (Jerusalem, 2006), doc. 75, pp. 545–51; transcription available through the Princeton Geniza Project. https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/5283/. Accessed July 7, 2022.
  • British Library, BL OR 5542.14, ed. and trans. S. D. Goitein, "Side Lights on Jewish Education from the Cairo Geniza," in Gratz College Anniversary Volume (Philadelphia: Gratz College, 1971), pp. 83-110; transcription and translation available through the Princeton Geniza Project. https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/6216/. Accessed December 11, 2022.

Transcriptions and translations that PGP lists as unpublished should be cited with credit to the editor(s) and translator(s) who transcribed and translated the text and to PGP.

Examples:

  • Cambridge University Library, T-S 8J17.15. S. D. Goitein’s unpublished edition (1950–85) available online through the Princeton Geniza Project at https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/7665/ (accessed June 12, 2023).
  • Letter from Mardūk b. Mūsā, Alexandria, to Nahray b. Nissim, Fustat. Cambridge University Library, T-S 12.373. S. D. Goitein’s unpublished edition (1950–85), with minor emendations by Alan Elbaum (2021), available through the Princeton Geniza Project at https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/3146/ (accessed April 20, 2023).
  • Jewish Theological Seminary, ENA NS 16.28. Alan Elbaum and Yusuf Umrethwala's unpublished edition and translation (2022) available online through the Princeton Geniza Project at https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/11714/ (accessed May 1, 2022).
  • Field-guide to taxation. Jewish Theological Seminary, ENA 2747.16, Marina Rustow and Naïm Vanthieghem's unpublished edition (2022), available online through the Princeton Geniza Project. https://geniza.princeton.edu/documents/30846/ (accessed November 11, 2023).


To cite the project

Princeton Geniza Project v4.x is the result of a collaborative effort made possible by the work of a large team with changing members over many years, and this version of the project builds substantially on the work of prior versions. For a complete list of the contributors, see the credits page. To cite this version of the project as a whole:

  • Princeton Geniza Project, version [#]. Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton, [year]. http://geniza.princeton.edu. Accessed [date]

If your style guide prefers author names, then we suggest:

  • Rustow, Marina and Rebecca Sutton Koeser. Princeton Geniza Project, version [#]. Center for Digital Humanities at Princeton, [year]. http://geniza.princeton.edu. Accessed [date].

We recommend you include the date you accessed the site, since PGP data is actively being edited and updated. We also strongly recommend that you include the version number of the PGPv4 codebase at the time of your access. (For more information, see the version in the footer and project technical documentation, which includes a change log with features by version.)